Chrome can be opened from the command line. And by running it from the command line you can configure Chrome with a number of options, there are several hundred possible flags which you can start Chrome with.
First of all, just to start/open Chrome from the command line instead of the Dock (or Spotlight) all you need is the path to the Chrome app binary. This is the absolute location of Chrome on Mac OS X: /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google\ Chrome. You can copy and paste that to Terminal and it should open Chrome without any special options, or...